[Marxism] Israel: Despite massive air and ground war, Hamas military capacity unbroken

["Fred Feldman" <ffeldman@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>]

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/14/world/middleeast/14mideast.html
January 14, 2009
Israel Says Hamas Is Damaged, Not Destroyed 
By STEVEN ERLANGER and MICHAEL SLACKMAN
TEL AVIV - Despite heavy air and ground assaults, Israel has yet to cripple
the military wing of Hamas or destroy the group's ability to launch rockets,
Israeli intelligence officials said, suggesting that Israel's main goals in
the conflict remain unfulfilled even after 18 days of war.

The comments reflected a view among some Israeli officials that any lasting
solution to the conflict would require either a breakthrough diplomatic
accord that heavily restricts Hamas's military abilities or a deeper ground
assault into urban areas of Gaza, known here as a possible "Phase Three" of
the war. 

The intelligence officials said there were some signs that the military
assault had undermined Hamas's political cohesion, and that Hamas's leaders
in hiding inside Gaza were more eager for a cease-fire than group leaders in
exile. They described this assessment as based on hard intelligence,
presumably telephone intercepts. 

A senior Egyptian official in Cairo said separately on Tuesday that
representatives of Hamas had disagreed openly when participating in
continuing Egyptian efforts to broker a cease-fire.

Inside Gaza, the military wing of Hamas has been hit "to a certain extent"
with "a few hundred" Hamas fighters killed during the ground offensive that
began midway through the war, the intelligence officials said. They spoke on
condition of anonymity in return for discussing internal assessments of the
conflict. Hamas is still able to launch 20 to 30 rockets a day, including 5
to 10 missiles of ranges longer than 20 kilometers, or about 12 miles, down
by a third from the start of the war, the officials said.

Greater damage has been done to Hamas's capacity to run Gaza, with a large
number of government buildings destroyed over the course of the operation,
they said. 

The Israeli Army's chief of staff, Lt. Gen. Gabi Ashkenazi, speaking to
Parliament on Tuesday, said that "we have achieved a lot in hitting Hamas
and its infrastructure, its rule and its armed wing, but there is still work
ahead."

In Egypt, efforts to broker a cease-fire were complicated by bickering
inside Hamas, the Egyptian official said. The official said that Hamas
representatives in Gaza were eager for a cease-fire, but were being blocked
because political decisions were being made by the group's leadership in
Damascus, Syria. 

"Hamas is in a very difficult position," the Egyptian official said. "On the
ground, their militants are not doing as good a job, not matching their
rhetoric. But politically, they have been totally taken over by their
sponsors.

"The guys inside are holding their ground, but they don't want to continue
the confrontation," the official said. Egypt talks to Hamas but is not eager
to see the radical Islamic group succeed in running a small statelet next
door.

Israeli officials said they were delaying any expansion of the war until the
negotiations succeeded or failed. But journalists and photographers along
the Israeli border with Gaza said they saw large numbers of Israeli
reservists moving into the territory, suggesting preparation for an
intensified phase of the conflict.

On the eve of a visit to the region, the United Nations secretary general,
Ban Ki-moon, demanded an immediate halt to the fighting in accordance with a
Security Council resolution. 

"Too many people have died," Mr. Ban said, while Gazans are facing a
humanitarian disaster. United Nations officials have said that three-hour
daily humanitarian lulls are insufficient to provide enough food, medicine
and other essentials to civilians. Israel said that 102 trucks carrying aid
entered Gaza on Tuesday, with a total of 1,028 since the war began.

John Ging, director of operations in Gaza for the United Nations Refugee and
Works Agency, who has been highly critical of the Israeli military action,
said by video link that the fighting was extracting an unacceptably high
toll on civilians.

"Tragically, the horror continues overnight," he said. "Nineteen children
killed and 52 injured last night. I would hope that would motivate those who
can help." 

Israeli officials say their primary aim in the operation is to stop Hamas
from firing rockets from Gaza into Israeli cities.

Hamas is capable of building rockets with an advanced propellant that can go
up to 18 miles, the intelligence officials said, using chemicals and parts
smuggled in from Egypt. Hamas also is using 122-millimeter rockets that are
Chinese-made and supplied by Iran that can go almost 25 miles, they said.

But they assessed the probability that Hamas now has rockets capable of
going farther than 25 miles as "very low."

On Tuesday, Hamas fired 11 rockets and six mortar shells into Israel, the
Israeli Army said.

General Ashkenazi said that Israeli aircraft had carried out more than 2,300
strikes since the offensive began on Dec. 27. 

In Tuesday's fighting, 18 Palestinian fighters and seven civilians were
killed, part of the 971 Palestinians who have died, according to Gaza's
Hamas-run Health Ministry. Those figures are not thought to include many of
the fighters killed since the ground war began.

Thirteen Israelis have died, including 10 soldiers. The Israeli military
said one Israeli officer was critically wounded and two Israeli soldiers
suffered light wounds in fighting overnight. They were hurt, the military
said, after a bomb exploded in a booby-trapped house that they were
searching.

General Ashkenazi said that Hamas fighters were using suicide bombers,
sometimes women and sometimes dressed as Israeli soldiers, to try to get
close to Israeli troops and kill them. One Israeli soldier was killed last
week by a Hamas suicide bomber, the Israeli intelligence officials said. The
method of the attack that caused the death had not been disclosed before.

Moussa Abu Marzouk, the exiled deputy to the Hamas political chief Khaled
Meshal, told Al Jazeera television on Tuesday that while the organization
had "serious reservations" about the Egyptian cease-fire plan, he believed
that it might be accepted if changes were made. 

"If the initiative is accepted, it will be in accordance with the position
set out by Hamas at the start, namely an Israeli withdrawal, a cease-fire
and the opening of the crossing points" between Gaza, Israel and Egypt, he
said.

The leader of Israel's opposition Likud Party, Benjamin Nentanyahu, said
Tuesday that ultimately Hamas would have to be removed from Gaza and if the
government chose to do so in this war, he would support it.

"At the end of the day there will be no escape from toppling Hamas rule," he
said at a meeting with the Foreign Press Association, adding that "Israel
can not tolerate an Iranian base right next to its cities." 

Steven Erlanger reported from Tel Aviv, and Michael Slackman from Cairo.
Reporting was contributed by Taghreed El-Khodary from Gaza City, Ethan
Bronner and Sabrina Tavernise from Jerusalem, and Neil MacFarquhar from the
United Nations.




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