Re: [Marxism] Amin and Import Substitution

["Michael Hoover" <hooverm@xxxxxxxxxx>]

>>> lnp3@xxxxxxxxx 6/2/2005 10:53:32 AM >>>
In terms of import-substitution, this was actually a theory developed
by
Raul Prebisch, who despite his influence on such radical thinker as
Samir
Amin, took a completely hostile attitude toward Peronism.
<<<<<>>>>>

number - most - of latin american countries began pursuing
import-substitution industrial policies during '30s depression, in some,
mass-based movements emerged from such policies, peron in argentina and
vargas in brazil exemplify politicians who appealed to masses via
anti-status-quo rhetoric...

what can be called latin american populism was hybrid of regime types
combining mass mobilization, charismatic personality, electoral politics
and corporatist organization, can be distinguished from pre-'30s
elite-only political systems and masses...

rise of populism coincided with development of capitalism as dominant
mode of production throughout latin america, both  advocates and critics
have alluded to break with past that it represented....

while populists strengthened state economic role through private sector
subsidies, public investment in infrastructure, social-welfare policies,
they did not fundamentally alter property relations or economic
institutions, in fact, state expansion was consistent with history of
such intervention dating to colonial period...

populism was conducive to countries where some industrialization had
occurred and where principal export/s was/were controlled by domestic
interests, allowed local industrial-capital to claim share of state
power with traditional oligarchs, as crisis in world economy during '30s
limited export viability, important substitution policies were agreed
upon as best means of sustaining economic growth...

loosened ties to core could only continue if growth continued, latter
ended because of structural limitations of domestic markets,
import-substitution was doomed without significant changes in class
relations, without redistribution of income to increase demand, automomy
could only be ephemeral...

populists were unwilling to deprive entrenched elites of power, thus
populism a national ideology was held hostage by capitalist class
relations, masses were mobilized and hopes raised, but populism could
not deliver...

subject to familiar pattern of alternating patronage and oppression,
populism could not complete nation-state project because it could not
equitably integrate majority of citizens...    michael hoover

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