[A-List] US military: civilian/uniform split

["Michael Keaney" <michael.keaney@xxxxxx>]

US military chiefs break ranks to say war 'will be bloody'
Marine Corps and Army generals distance themselves from Pentagon as
inspections chief prepares to brief UN
By Rupert Cornwell in Washington
The Independent
19 December 2002

The senior commanders of the US forces most directly involved in the ground
part of any war with Iraq are said to fear the campaign could be a more
protracted and bloody affair than some in the Pentagon's civilian leadership
expect.

The Washington Post says Army chief General Eric Shinseki and General James
Jones, commandant of the Marine Corps, are worried at excessive confidence
that Iraqi resistance would speedily collapse after an invasion, and that
President Saddam Hussein's removal would be a formality.

Neither man commented publicly on the reports yesterday. But Air Force
General Richard Myers, the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff and the
Pentagon's most senior uniformed official, denied that current planning was
based on assumption of an easy triumph.

General Myers said nobody at the Pentagon believed "this sort of endeavour,
if we were asked to do it, would be a cakewalk". Paul Wolfowitz, the deputy
Secretary of Defence and a prime civilian hawk on Iraq, also rejected
charges that that the US had not been over-confident in its planning.

It would be a "terrible mistake" to predict how a war would unfold, he said,
stressing that full account was being taken of the risk that President
Saddam would unleash chemical or biological weapons against invaders.

But General Jones, who takes command of US forces in Europe next month,
confirmed to the Post that he disagreed "with those who seem to think this
is pre-ordained to be a very easy military operation".

The divisions reflect long-standing tensions between the civilian leadership
under Donald Rumsfeld, the Defence Secretary, who from the outset has
demanded that planners "think outside the box" in devising a blitzkrieg-like
strategy to topple President Saddam quickly. Many uniformed commanders
favour a more traditional approach, involving a much larger force, advancing
more slowly on its objective, but projecting overwhelming force.

This latter camp includes General Tommy Franks, the chief of US Central
Command, who would be in direct charge of a war against Iraq. He is said to
have insisted that a force of 200,000 to 250,000 would be needed. This is
admittedly far smaller than the half-million-strong coalition assembled for
the 1991 Operation Desert Storm, which drove Iraqi forces from Kuwait.

But it is a far cry from the once-mooted "inside-out" operation aimed at
Baghdad itself. This would rely on tactical surprise with a short, very
fierce bombing campaign and commando strikes on suspected weapons of mass
destruction and missile sites.

A welter of leaks over the past few months has given the impression that a
compromise has emerged over the planning, which combines elements of both
approaches.

The renewed argument over tactics has coincided with the first solid
evidence of war preparations by the Iraqi regime and reported claims by US
intelligence officials that President Saddam intends a "scorched earth"
strategy in the face of an invasion.

Intelligence photographs show barriers have been put up on runways at a
group of four remote air bases near oil pumping stations in Western Iraq.
These installations could could be targets of the US, as it tried to take
out potential missile launch sites which could be used against Israel in the
initial stages of a war.

Officials say similar defensive measures are being taken at bases around
Baghdad and in south-eastern Iraq. The barriers could be moved, Pentagon
officials said, but their presence might be a cause for delay. "The bases
are essentially unused, so you wouldn't want to bomb them then have to
repair the runways," one said.

* Warplanes from a US-British operation patrolling southern Iraq fired on
air defences in southern Iraq yesterday after Iraqi forces moved a mobile
radar system into a "no-fly" zone, the US military said. It was the fourth
attack in five days by aircraft monitoring the zone.